Yes you can root without leaves but it will take a little bit longer.
Not all the citrus are easy to root, for instance satsuma mandarins, rooting percentage is very low.
Rough lemon, Trifoliate orange, Lemon, Cleopatra mandarin and Yuzu all root well in 30-45 days, the rest expect 90 to 120 days. Also Ichang papeda roots well depending on the season.