Mangoes of Vietnam

[Tim]

These are some of the more known Vietnamese mango cultivars, back in Vietnam at least.  Of all the cultivars available here in the States, supposedly from VN, I do not know of any of them    possibly because of all the translating done.  Of course, there are a ton more cultivars including newer releases by the Research Institute for Fruits and Vegetables (RIFAV) of northern Vietnam, not to mention research institutes of other regions, but these are familiar to me by name. 

Sorry to post everything in Vietnamese but I can't translate everything.  Maybe on request or you can try Google Translate but its very unreliable for this language.

The last one on the list originated from my home town.  We had several other cultivars that I can't recall their names and multiple trees of each on the property, but this mango was by far my favorite of all our trees while living there. 


Xoài Cát Hòa Lộc (origin: Cai Be district, Tien Giang province)
description:  khi chín vỏ màu vàng nhạt, thịt quả màu vàng tươi. Vị ngọt, rất ngon và thơm, hạt dẹp, không xơ, thịt mịn chắc, tỷ lệ thịt ăn được khoảng 80 -84%.
basic background:  Xuất xứ tại Hòa Lộc-Cái Bè -Tiền Giang, giống có giá trị thương phẩm cao do trái ăn ngon, dạng trái đẹp, trọng lượng trung bình trái từ 450-500gr. Nếu được chăm sác tốt cây 20 năm tuổi có thể cho năng suất hơn 300kg. Hiện nay, giống xoài Cát Hòa Lộc thường được nhân giống bằng ghép mắt, ghép cành và chỉ sau 3 năm cây sẽ cho trái bói.

Xoài Bưởi  (origin: Cai Be district, Tien Giang province)
description:  (sounds like the vietnamese version of Tommy Atkins - thick skin that emits odor, is ideal for transportation without much damage)
basic background:  Được trồng trước đây, cây giống từ hạt nên giá cây giống rẻ. Sau gần ba năm cây cho trái bói. Xoài Bưởi dễ ra hoa đậu trái, năng suất cao. Cây 7-8 năm tuổi có thể cho năng suất trung bình từ 70-80 kg, vỏ trái có mùi hôi, vỏ tương đối dầy nên dễ bảo quản và có thể vận chuyển đi xa. Tuy nhiên, do chất lượng kém nên ít được nhà vườn chú ý.

Xoài Cát Chu (origin:  Cao Lanh district, Dong Thap province)
description:  Chất lượng trái khá ngon, thịt chắc, thơm, không xơ, hạt tròn nhỏ và tỷ lệ thịt ăn được khoảng 78 - 80%.
basic background:  đây là giống trồng phổ biến tại Đồng Tháp, chất lượng ngon, năng suất rất cao (cây trên 30 năm tuổi cho năng suất từ 800-1.200kg/cây/năm), trọng lượng trái trung bình 250-350 gr, cây có sức sinh trưởng mạnh, thường được nhân giống bằng ghép mắt hoặc ghép cành.

Xoài Xiêm (origin:  Vinh Long province)
description:  eating quality is near that of Xoài Cát Hòa Lộc (Xiêm = Siam, so this VN development's got Thai origin)
basic background:  Tuy không được biết đến nhiều, nhưng xoài Xiêm có chất lượng trái ngon gần tương đương với xoái Cát Hòa Lộc, cho năng suất cao do tỷ lệ đậu trái nhiều. Cây có tuổi thọ và sức sống lâu dài.

Xoài Yên Châu (origin:  Son La province)
description:  Quả tròn, hạt nhỏ, cùi dày, ngọt và có mùi thơm hấp dẫn và thơm khác hẳn loại xoài ở các vùng khác.
basic background:  Có một vùng xoài ở miền núi phía Bắc đó là xoài Yên Châu (Sơn La). Quả không to như xoài Nam Bộ, nhưng xoài vùng đất Tây Bắc này lại có quả tròn, hạt nhỏ, cùi dày, ngọt và có mùi thơm hấp dẫn.  Xoài Yên Châu ngọt, thơm khác hẳn loại xoài ở các vùng khác. Khi chín xoài có mầu vàng, tỏa mùi thơm hấp dẫn. Hằng năm xoài ra hoa vào sau Tết âm lịch và chín rộ vào tháng 6, tháng 7, thời gian mùa mưa của vùng Tây Bắc.  Do đó nhiều năm nay, bà con các dân tộc huyện Yên Châu đã có phong trào trồng xoài với diện tích lớn (từ 50 đến hàng trăm cây mỗi gia đình), là một nguồn thu đáng kể với giá bán từ 5.000 đến 6.000 đồng/kg. Ngày nay các gia đình không còn cho xoài vào rọ tre nứa như trước mà mỗi lần bán hàng trăm kg đến hàng tấn cho tư thương chở bằng ôtô về các tỉnh miền xuôi tiêu thụ.

Xoài Cát Trắng  (origin:  )
description:  (Green:  very very light green skin, flesh almost all white, possibly a strain of Nam Doc Mai from my recollection.  We ate all the mangoes from this tree green(crisp, fiberless, not too sour)  because its too sweet ripe -turns light yellow when ripe also.)

Xoài Canh Nông  (origin:  Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa province)
description:  (...)
basic background:  Can't seem to find any good info on it aside from this article saying the grower replaced most of his trees for the more superior Xoài Cát Hòa Lộc. 

[Cookie Monster]

Interesting. Thanks for the info. I have a friend from Vietnam who has an unknown vietnamese mango used for green eating that perhaps I can connect to one of these.

Have you any information on the 'cow skin' longan. I think the vietnamese name for it might be 'da bo' or somthing.

[bsbullie]

Does anybody have any "translated" information on the Cat Chu ?

[Patrick]

Chất lượng trái khá ngon, thịt chắc, thơm, không xơ, hạt tròn nhỏ và tỷ lệ thịt ăn được khoảng  - Ummmm Good!

[Tim]

Sorry Jeff, I have no information on that longan variety but will keep my eyes peeled for you.

Rob -
Chất lượng trái khá ngon = excellent eating quality
thịt chắc, thơm, không xơ = firm, aromatic & fiberless
hạt tròn nhỏ và tỷ lệ thịt ăn được khoảng 78 - 80%  = small rounded seed yielding 78-80% flesh (very good flesh to seed ratio)
năng suất rất cao = extremely prolific producer
cây trên 30 năm tuổi cho năng suất từ 800-1.200kg/cây/năm = 30+ year old tree produces 800-1200 kg/tree/season
cây có sức sinh trưởng mạnh = vigorous grower
thường được nhân giống bằng ghép mắt hoặc ghép cành = propagated by budding or cleft/veneer.

[bsbullie]

cây có sức sinh trưởng mạnh = vigorous grower

Damn, Tim, everything looked good till I saw this.  Wonder if it can be kept maintainable in the "Fairchild system" without being more trouble than its worth.

Harry - are you growing this ?  If so, how vigorous is it ?

[HMHausman]

I am not growing it......but wouldn't mind trying.

Harry

[bsbullie]

I am not growing it......but wouldn't mind trying.

Harry

Excalibur should have them.

[Tim]

ahhh yes...I forgot to include the infamous Vietnamese xoài Xoài Tượng.

David - I never mean to defame anyone or organization but in all honesty, I don't at all doubt your judgement.  The fact that they falsely advertise Lancetilla as the famed Xoài Tượng of Vietnam like many other nurseries really gets to me.  I've come to realize NOBODY in the States has it.  Initially, I thought Jin Huang mango of Taiwan is it but similarly to the Philippines, it was introduced to VN back in 1997 or so, though I can't seem to find my reference at this point.  In VN, Jin Huang mango is called Xoài Đài Loan ...(serial number which I've forgotten)... (Đài Loan = Taiwan), so that's obviously not it. 

Harry & others - Noris Ledesma responded to an email I sent asking which Vietnamese mangoes Fairchild has in its living collection.  One of the varieties she'd mentioned was Cac (it's actually Cát=sand).  If you haven't noticed, many Vietnamese mangos have Cát in its name followed by the actual cultivar name, eg: Xoài Cát Hòa Lộc.  If it doesn't specifically indicates Hòa Lộc or whatever after Cát, then you're buying an unknown mango.

I intend to clean this thread up with proper translation of all descriptions and backgrounds whenever time permits, so hopefully we don't have to rely on Google for translation.  I don't mind request for translation but it will take me longer,  unless one of you is willing 

[fruitlovers]

.

I intend to clean this thread up with proper translation of all descriptions and backgrounds whenever time permits, so hopefully we don't have to rely on Google for translation.  I don't mind request for translation but it will take me longer,  unless one of you is willing 

What i do for long translation request from Spanish is to first use google translate, then i go over it and polish it up. This saves a lot of time. Maybe this is also possible with the Vietnamese?
Oscar

[fruitlovers]

Try this other translator software, also free. Seems like it is more accurate than google translate:
http://imtranslator.net/translation/vietnamese/to-english/translation/
Oscar

[Tim]

Xoài Cát Hòa Lộc (origin: Cai Be district, Tien Giang province)
description:  Fruit turns a light shade of yellow when ripe, vibrant golden colored flesh.  Sweet, aromatic, firm & fiberless flesh;  flat seed, very good flesh to seed ratio (80-84%).  Excellent eating quality.
basic background:  Originated from Hòa Lộc-Cái Bè -Tiền Giang, an appealing fruit with excellent eating quality giving it high commercial value.  Average fruit size of around 1lb.  A 20yr old tree of good health, proper maintenance and well cared for, can produce well over 600lbs annually.  Common propagation methods include shield budding, cleft and veneer grafts.  Grafted trees will bear in 3 years.

notes for commercial growing:
•   Trees will bear in 3 years.
•   3.5 to 4 months to harvest from first flower.
•   The fruit ripens from April to July.
•   Round symmetrical tree.
•   Good fruit size, averaging 450 – 600 grams.
•   Sweet, firm, fiberless, aromatic & smooth flesh, flat seed.  Flesh ratio of 80-84%.
•   Spacing:  Trees should be planted 4 meters apart in rows of 5-6 meters apart.
•   Average 10 year old tree can produce over 200lbs in a season.
•   Ideal growing medium:  alluvial soil, sandy loam, light clay, high organic matter soil.
•   (some preventive spraying done with new flushes for some leaf eating insect(s), and possible anthracnose)

[Tim]

Xoài Bưởi (origin: Cai Be district, Tien Giang province)
description:  (sounds like the vietnamese version of Tommy Atkins - thick skin that emits odor, is ideal for transportation without much damage)
basic background:   (I’m not understanding this too well but think it goes something like this) Previously, seedlings trees were sold and were very inexpensive.  Tree bears fruits in approximately 3 years.  Known for its precocity, blooms and fruits readily and has good yield.  On an average, a 7-8 year old tree can produce 70-80 kg per season.  Fruit skin emits an odor when ripe.  Has relatively thick that makes for easy storage and transport over long distances possible.  Due to poor quality, this cultivar has very much been neglected as a dooryard fruit.

[Tim]

Xoài Cát Chu (origin:  Cao Lãnh district, Đồng Tháp province)
description:  Very good quality & flavor, firm, aromatic & fiberless flesh.  Small rounded seed, flesh to seed ratio of approx 78-80%.  Fruit has thin skin that turns yellow when ripe.
basic background:  This cultivar was selected at the research institute of the south in Đồng Tháp.  Very good eating quality, prolific producer (30+ year old tree can produce between  800-1,200kg/tree/season), fruits averaging between 0.5 to 0.75 lb.  Vigorous grower.   Propagation methods include shield budding, cleft and veneer grafts.

notes for commercial growing:
•   Tree will bear in 3 years.
•   3.5  months to harvest from first flower.
•   Round symmetrical tree.
•   blooms and fruits readily & bountifully.
•   slightly rounded, kidney shaped fruits averaging between 0.5 to 0.75 lb. 
•   Excellent quality, firm, aromatic, fiberless, small rounded seed, good flesh to seed ratio 78 - 80%.
•   Spacing:  Trees should be planted 4 meters apart in rows of 5-6 meters apart.
•   10 year old tree can produce well over 800lbs in a season.
•   Ideal growing medium:  alluvial soil, sandy loam, light clay, high organic matter soil.
•   (some preventive spraying done when with new flushes for some leaf eating insect(s), and possible anthracnose)
•   Needs pruning to make low spreading canopy for easy maintenance & harvest.

[Future]

I note the ultimate mango list shows two "cat" mangos frm Vietnam.  Does anyone know which one(s) Colorfield was selling this year?

[phantomcrab]

I note the ultimate mango list shows two "cat" mangos from Vietnam.  Does anyone know which one(s) Colorfield was selling this year?

I have a listing of Colorfield's mangos that were available at this year's festival and there are no plant names containing "cat". There is no mention of Viet Nam in any comments or descriptions either.

[Tropicdude]

Xoài Cát Chu  sounds interesting indeed,   

(30+ year old tree can produce between  800-1,200kg/tree/season),

10 year old tree can produce well over 800lbs in a season.

That's a very productive tree.   wouldn't mind getting my hands on one of these, since all the other specs are good also ( quality,  no fiber etc. ).

Have any info or experience with the Jin Huang ( Golden Queen ) mango?

[Future]

I note the ultimate mango list shows two "cat" mangos from Vietnam.  Does anyone know which one(s) Colorfield was selling this year?

I have a listing of Colorfield's mangos that were available at this year's festival and there are no plant names containing "cat". There is no mention of Viet Nam in any comments or descriptions either.

Is this this list detailing characteristics?  I bought a "cac" and a " cac x" from the festival.

[bsbullie]

Xoài Cát Chu  sounds interesting indeed,   

(30+ year old tree can produce between  800-1,200kg/tree/season),

10 year old tree can produce well over 800lbs in a season.

That's a very productive tree.   wouldn't mind getting my hands on one of these, since all the other specs are good also ( quality,  no fiber etc. ).

Have any info or experience with the Jin Huang ( Golden Queen ) mango?

Excalibur should have some Cat Chu in 3 gal...when are you coming to SFla?  Send me a PM...

[phantomcrab]

Is this this list detailing characteristics?  I bought a "cac" and a " cac x" from the festival.

There were no plants with either "cac" or "cat" in their name. The list I have is incomplete and it did describe plant and fruit characteristics. I saw both Juliette and Lemon Zest for sale and they were not on it. I would suggest you call Colorfield Farms and ask them. You might also call Zill HPP in Boynton Beach since their tag was on all the 3 gallon plants at the sale.

[Future]

Is this this list detailing characteristics?  I bought a "cac" and a " cac x" from the festival.

There were no plants with either "cac" or "cat" in their name. The list I have is incomplete and it did describe plant and fruit characteristics. I saw both Juliette and Lemon Zest for sale and they were not on it. I would suggest you call Colorfield Farms and ask them. You might also call Zill HPP in Boynton Beach since their tag was on all the 3 gallon plants at the sale.

I should have been clearer: I bought FRUIT labelled cac and cac x.  I do have the list and they are not on the list.

[Tropicdude]

Xoài Cát Chu  sounds interesting indeed,   

(30+ year old tree can produce between  800-1,200kg/tree/season),

10 year old tree can produce well over 800lbs in a season.

That's a very productive tree.   wouldn't mind getting my hands on one of these, since all the other specs are good also ( quality,  no fiber etc. ).

Have any info or experience with the Jin Huang ( Golden Queen ) mango?

Excalibur should have some Cat Chu in 3 gal...when are you coming to SFla?  Send me a PM...

Not sure if I can fit it in on next trip but if one of the others I have listed is not available I might replace it with this one.

VN mangoes I assume would do well in Fla. because when I think Vietnam I don't think Semi Arid tropics., I am thinking wet and humid. which mean they would probably be completely disease free in drier areas. it looks like a really good candidate for evaluation here in the DR.

[Tim]

I briefly explained the naming of Vietnamese mangoes, including any variety name that begins and ends with CAT. My apology for being a bit lazy to read through older posts at the moment though it's on this very same thread.

[bsbullie]

I am bumping this thread for those seeking information on Vietnamese mangoes.

[JF]

Tim

I'm currently growing Xoai Cat and Cambodian Keo Chen can you tell us a little bit about the varieties? I had Keo Chen in the Cambodian temple, they have a nature tree,  two years ago and though it was an outstanding mango along the same lines as NDM but with a nice citrusy finish. I was told by a Vietnamese friend that Xoai is better.