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Messages - Walt

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26
Citrus General Discussion / Re: Breeding citrus what affects things
« on: May 01, 2023, 01:18:27 PM »
Pagnr gave a lot of useful information.  I want to add a bit more.
He gave an example of a triploid hybrid with A, B, and C sets of chromosomes.  And he treated them as if each set stayed together.  In fact each set has 9 chromosomes  A1, A2, A3, etc.  B1, B2, B3, etc.  and the same for set C.
A1, B1, and C1 chromosomes are similar having evolved from an origional ancester X with chromosomes X1, X2, X3, etc.
A1, B1, and C1 are still enough alike that one can replace another and still be viable.  But they will be different enough that some, about 1/9, of the traits, will be from the the species that donated that chromosome.  So any pollen grain should have a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 8, and 9 but not always from the same species.  One might be A1 B2 C3 A4, B5 C6, A7, A8, B9. o any other combination having one chromosome of each number.  A few of the combinations might not be able to survive, but most will.  A few will be what you had hoped for, or at least a step in the direction.  Most are rejects.

Now another complicacation.  A1, B1, and C1 chromosomes don't stay as they were when you started.  During the formation of pollen and egg cells crossover happen.  I don't know how often they happen in citrus but the crops I have worked usually have about 2 per chromosome per generation.

chromosome from one species has genes
ABCDEFGHIJKL

chromosome from a different species has genes
abcdefghijkl

after a crossover you have
ABCDefghIJKL
abcdEFGHijkl

This exchange usually happens on each chromosome pair per generation, in a different location each time.  So the deck slowly gets shuffled/

27
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Poncirus hybrid crosses
« on: April 21, 2023, 12:44:52 PM »
As Kumin said above, selfing is not always a bad thing.  But as he said elswhere, he is planning to cross a citandarin that is about to bloom with a citrimelo.  I think it was.  It was aday or two ago that I read that post.
The ideas expressed here are good ones.  I'll point out that US 852, which was mentioned, can be a useful parent.  It is listed as 85% zygotic.  But US 1278, US 1281, and US 1282 (I hope I got those numbers right) are better at more than 95% zygotic.  But the idea is the same.
Quick turn over is good.  So after selecting for winter hardiness, sending scions south to a longer growing season would speed things up.
As for flavor, Ponciris+ is too sour but the juice with water and sweetener added is a good drink.  So selection for more sugar and less acid would make it edible.  Fewer seeds. bigger. and less hard peel Would make it better.
Kishu Seedless mandarin has a single dominant gene for seedless.  So when its pollen is used, half its seedlings will be seedless.

28
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: F2 citrange winter hardiness trial
« on: April 19, 2023, 08:49:25 PM »
Good luck!  Sounds like a good cross.

29
I thought my Bishop citandarin was dead.  But yesterday I saw two tiny green leaves.  Impressive here in central Kansas.  Zone 6.  Trunk and branches don't look good.  It might still die.  But still impressive.

30
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Hardy citrus in PNW
« on: April 01, 2023, 02:32:48 AM »
I commented some time ago that an F1 hybrid of finger lime x Ponciris+ might have a market.  I've been thinking more about it lately.

31
interesting you bring up Mendel, modern statistics shows he almost certainly fabricated his data to make dna appear more linear and less random! I think his heart was in the right place but still, bet he never expected that
 


One of my genetics professors pointed out that Mendel lived before modern statistical methods ere in use.  My prof thought Mendel kept counting until the numbers ere close enough that he noticed a pattern and then stopped.  That ould have been quite acceptable in his day.  And it is not the same as fabricating.  It as state of the art at the time. 
Today no one should judge the man or his motives.  And his discovery asn't recognized  until it as rediscovered by 2 more modern geneticists ho did a litterature search after discovering the same ratios in corn.  So Mendel's one publication had no influence on the science of genetics.

32
Citrus General Discussion / Re: soil wetting agents
« on: March 17, 2023, 12:22:13 PM »
I do what Millet and Poncirisguy said.  If I need to mow or do garden work I do that while a pot is soaking.  Or reading a good book works too.

33
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: F2 citrange winter hardiness trial
« on: February 22, 2023, 01:12:52 PM »
Akebia is right.  Working for zone 6 hardiness will have spinoffs for zone 7.

34
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Citrangequat(but Meiwa)
« on: February 01, 2023, 02:28:30 PM »
I was thinking about that cross Till.  It doesn't fit in with my breeding plans or goals.  But it would certainly interest me.






35
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: F2 citrange winter hardiness trial
« on: January 22, 2023, 11:28:54 PM »
As always I'm impressed with your work/

36
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Tetraploid Citranges
« on: December 29, 2022, 08:20:56 PM »
Good information.  Thank you.

37
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Tetraploid Citranges
« on: December 29, 2022, 04:21:29 PM »
I did grad work in genetics but I was studying vegetables and grain so this might not appply to citrus.  If anyone does know the effects of tetraploidy in citrus, listen to them, not me.
In vegetables, a few species have more vitamin  C in the tetraploid than the diploid.  But generally the difference is small or none at all.
In grains, wheat, rye and barley, tetraploids tend to be slightly less cold hardy than the same variety at the diploid level.  That is for rye (Secale cereali), barley (Horeun sativa) which are normally diploid.  Wheat (Triticum species) has diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species.  In Triticum, we can't directly compare diploid vs higher ploidy because there has been centuries of selection for different climates so the genetics is much more important than ploidy.

So I expect the difference between diploid and tetraploid citranges to be small.  But there are a few plant families that don't follow the general rules.  So it is possible citrus don't follow these general rules.

38
Citrus General Discussion / Re: Turunji - A Citrus You Eat Like An Apple
« on: December 28, 2022, 10:19:12 AM »
Sounds like Turunji is a bit harder than some citrus on their own roots.  Or perhaps they are too often pot bound by those that sell them.  I am in the process of loosing mine I bought from Logees.  I think I'll try to save it by grafting in some extra roots using Ponciris seedlings.  Mr. Hong in Wichita KS gave me 100 Ponciris fruit last fall and they average about 30 seeds per fruit, so I have plenty to spare.  I also have seedlings from the last 2 years, more than I have scions for.
Here is where I got the idea.
https://tropicalfruitforum.com/index.php?topic=48828.0

39
I've never heard of it being illegal in the USA. Is there anyone here who keeps up on these things?  It's been 40 years since I was up to date on this.

40
Cold Hardy Citrus / Making new periclinal chimeras like Prague
« on: November 16, 2022, 02:09:34 PM »
A new way to make periclinal  chimeras in citrus is given here.
日 植 病 報 60: 82-88 (1994)
Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 60: 82-88 (1994)
OK,  1994 isn;t new but it is new to mr,  The procass was developed to give disease resistanc in citrus by giving a good variety a coating of a disease resistant variety,  But it seems to me it might work on making good citrus varioties a coating of a cold tolerant variety like ponciris,  The publication says 1/6 of plants made this way were periclinal chimeras,
One would need to use a good varity of citrus that has nucelar seeds,  No problem finding those,
I don't expect the rresulting plants to be hardy in one 6 where I live,  But maybe zone 7 or 8?  Maybe anywhere PPrague is hardy?

41
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Stingerless bees for pollinations
« on: November 09, 2022, 08:23:25 PM »
Adding wild flower is a good idea.  But the town has been spraying for mosquitos for so many years that bringing in pollinaters is also a good idea,  Preferably native species that might become re established in the area.  An idea I just had istoget a hive and keep it most of the year on a nearby ranch.  Bring it to the orchard (breeding area) during bloom and moving it back for the rest of the year,  But I'd have to check what is being sprayed on the ranch land,  Aerial spraying is a big industry here,

42
Cold Hardy Citrus / Stingerless bees for pollinations
« on: November 07, 2022, 11:51:05 AM »
As a child and young man I kept bees.  I like them and I like honey.  But my citrus "orchard" is on the edge of town ad bees close to a population of humans seems a bad idea.  I know at least one neighbor who is allergic.  So I'm thinking of buying a start of  native stingerless bees.  I know that some temperate zone fruit orchards are using them with good results.  Are they being used successfully with citrus and other fruits?
And as a breeder who wants masses of crosses, I'd like bees to do some of my work for me.

43
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: F2 citrange winter hardiness trial
« on: November 07, 2022, 11:18:19 AM »
ery encouraging results.

44
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Poncirus+ x kumquat
« on: November 01, 2022, 10:36:00 AM »
https://tropicalfruitforum.com/index.php?topic=29541.50

Perhaps this was one of the threads that got you interested.  Though these crosses were not with P+, they could be useful.  While I haven't read of test crosses to prove it, it seems like the difference between P+ and other ponciris is a single gene.

45
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Poncirus+ x kumquat
« on: November 01, 2022, 10:11:35 AM »
Its good to have another person working on more winter hardy citrus.  Being in zone 7 I think you will get a bigger percent of survivers than Kumin in zone 6.  If vnomonee's fruit's seedlings do have trifoliate leaves, then that will jumpstart your work.   There was a thread active a while back on crosses of Ponciris and kumquat.  The discussion went that many kumquat x Ponciris hybrid seedlings lacked vigor and died young.  But some were vigorous and grew well.  So don't get discouraged if your success rate is low at first.

46
Citrus General Discussion / Re: Seedy finger limes: Is this normal
« on: October 09, 2022, 02:50:54 AM »
So are you going to be offering seeds for sale?

47
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: woodchips for heat
« on: October 04, 2022, 02:52:44 AM »
I have also heard of having compost piles in greenhouses for the added CO2.

48
Citrus Buy, Sell, & Trade / Re: Kinzu/Hong Kong/Fortunella hindsii seeds
« on: September 21, 2022, 09:23:32 PM »
Yes, I;m interested again.  Walt.

49
Cold Hardy Citrus / Re: Sweetest tasting cold hardy citrus
« on: September 16, 2022, 11:56:23 AM »
Or if you are willing to grow in a pot and bring iy inside winters, you have some options.

or if you are willing to wait an unknown number of years, there will be some other options for outside, in ground.  We are working on it.  But not today.

50
Tropical Fruit Discussion / Re: Anyone willing to send one seed to me
« on: September 04, 2022, 12:12:57 PM »
I have also received free seeds for my breeding program.  I have given too, but less than I received.  I'll send some when I have them

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