it's not 100%, but you can guess by crushing the leaves and comparing the sap smell to the dominant character of the fruit you sampled.
It won't be better than a guess however, except when trying to identify zygotic seedlings.
For instance, I planted a seed from a mango that tasted like parsnips, and two seedlings sprouted. One seedling had sap that also smelled like parsnips (very likely identical to the parent) and the other smelled like Valencia oranges (very likely zygotic).
Give it a try!