Author Topic: Opuntia humifusa  (Read 5362 times)

vnomonee

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Opuntia humifusa
« on: June 03, 2023, 09:00:35 PM »
Has anyone tried hybridizing eastern prickly pear/ opuntia humifusa (very cold hardy zone 3 or 4) with edible types of opuntia that have large fruit? I have a rooted nopal that hopefully will flower soon but not sure how the fruit is. I also have an elisiana (it's hardy in southern zone 7). Mine rotted out after a wet winter but a pad survived so now I keep it in a pot, also waiting for flowers. The fruit is small but edible.

The humifusa shrivels up in winter, expelling water, and does not take up water. I leave it in a pot all year and it has never died or rotted. The elisiana does not shrivel and expel it's water which is probably why it rots in my zone.
« Last Edit: June 03, 2023, 09:04:11 PM by vnomonee »

Pandan

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #1 on: June 04, 2023, 10:49:43 PM »
My spineless, glochidless elisiana doesnt shrivel but it and its tiny cutting took -15 frost (frozen soliid 2 nights) and cold wet weather iinsde of a pot. I have heard they aren't as hardy but that should have killed iit riight?
Are yours planted in the ground?

Also this is a desire of mine: large, sweet and glochidless opuntia

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #2 on: June 05, 2023, 01:05:32 AM »
Yes my ellisiana was planted in the ground, they froze solid first but rotted with later winter/ early spring rain. The pad that survived was an offshoot so it wasn't touching the ground, so basically rotted from the bottom up, that pad survive freezing though like the rest of the plant.

If we can get that type of dormancy that humifusa has into a different opuntia it could be the key to hardy edible types that surive in the ground. The glochids are horrible though, the worst plant to accidentally brush up against. 
« Last Edit: June 05, 2023, 01:10:17 AM by vnomonee »

Pandan

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #3 on: June 05, 2023, 12:41:09 PM »
Huh thats interesting. Atlanta is zone 8b but I see a wide variety of opuntia around town that survived for years in the ground: we have extremely wet winters too.

Perhaps a grex of species - I have some seeds from spineless opuntia (assuming they have glochids) as well as some hardy seeds from NJ (from experimental farm network which has at least 3 hardy opuntia seed selections). Honestly Id prefer regular degular spines over glochids lol.

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #4 on: June 05, 2023, 01:22:34 PM »
I might try planting the ellisiana in a different location, I have a spot that is hard clay and rocky which might be better for it than the original spot where it rotted. I've seen opuntia with larger rounded and plump fruit (comparing to humifusa) in zone 7a Virginia that was spinless as well but did not think to take a pad (did not want glochids on my bare hands and in my car lol).

Galatians522

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #5 on: June 26, 2023, 09:53:25 PM »
If your pad survived the cold where it was not touching the ground, it sounds like it is hardy enough to survive in your zone. Maybe you could try grafting it onto a hardy rootstock that won't rot. Also, the roots may be what dictates the dessication that you mentioned. Cactus has been pretty easy to graft in my experience.

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #6 on: June 26, 2023, 10:47:03 PM »
If your pad survived the cold where it was not touching the ground, it sounds like it is hardy enough to survive in your zone. Maybe you could try grafting it onto a hardy rootstock that won't rot. Also, the roots may be what dictates the dessication that you mentioned. Cactus has been pretty easy to graft in my experience.

good idea, I can use the humifusa

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #7 on: June 27, 2023, 04:07:06 PM »
🤞



mikkel

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #8 on: June 27, 2023, 06:00:53 PM »

Also this is a desire of mine: large, sweet and glochidless opuntia

maybe this one is interesting for breeding

'Willoughby Spit' Prickly Pear
https://store.experimentalfarmnetwork.org/products/willoughby-spit-prickly-pear?_pos=2&_sid=3ddb8c474&_ss=r

on EFN there was an O.stricta type with similar traites (now it has disappeared)

https://www.experimentalfarmnetwork.org/project/16
« Last Edit: June 28, 2023, 01:08:20 AM by mikkel »

Galatians522

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #9 on: June 27, 2023, 09:38:08 PM »
🤞



Nice, I hope it takes for you.

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #10 on: July 11, 2023, 05:24:01 PM »
I had to redo the graft because the smaller ellisiana rotted so I used a thicker piece and it defintely took. Now I have to find a place in the yard where nothing will bother it





« Last Edit: July 11, 2023, 05:27:31 PM by vnomonee »

Galatians522

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #11 on: July 11, 2023, 07:43:18 PM »
I had to redo the graft because the smaller ellisiana rotted so I used a thicker piece and it defintely took. Now I have to find a place in the yard where nothing will bother it






Sweet! I hope it works!

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #12 on: July 17, 2024, 04:54:03 PM »
Doing well, survived the winter. This spot is very dry, hard clay. I burned the glochids off the lower humifusa because I cannot stick my hand here to pull weeds without getting pricked!

ellisiana grafted to humifusa



vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #13 on: March 27, 2025, 12:53:54 PM »
Another winter, 2f low. The white "dusting" looks like some kind of sunblock the plant makes? I rubbed a small spot and it is green underneath. I will have to build a support because when the humifusa shrivels, the top cacanapa portion falls over lol






toehead

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #14 on: March 31, 2025, 11:56:29 AM »
Wow, so the top piece doesn't do the whole desiccation thing that the humifusa does? How does that even work?

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #15 on: March 31, 2025, 02:42:27 PM »
As long as it doesn't break off from the weight at the graft point it should continue to grow. There are atleast 2 other opuntia species that are hardier than the cacanapa (I just need hardiness to zone 7, and roots that resist wet winters). Those other species either don't dessicate or have a more vertical growth pattern vs the humifusa horizontal spreading pattern from what I read, so I'll look into grafting onto those if I can find them. This would solve any long term issue from the weight of the cacanapa potentially sheering off the graft. A quick solution is to just build a support. The bottom humifusa pad should survive atleast 5-10 years if it doesn't rot. This part of the yard is pretty dry so it should be ok.
« Last Edit: March 31, 2025, 02:44:08 PM by vnomonee »

toehead

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #16 on: April 20, 2025, 09:31:00 PM »
Very interesting, I'm just surprised that the top half doesn't have issues when the humifusa dessicates.

I wish you luck! I've had humifusa for years, and yes those glochids are awful!

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #17 on: April 20, 2025, 09:37:08 PM »
I ended up securing it with a stake, it will probably get pretty heavy that will be an issue in the future with the pad underneath shriveling it will topple over without adequate support! Will probably need to change these metal ties to wide cloth straps so the ties don't start cutting into the pads.


dytandme

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #18 on: May 10, 2025, 04:36:21 PM »
I have a large opuntia humifusa with fig sized fruit and a patch of heritage thornless opuntia humifusa in need of love. I hope to breed both with opuntia ficus indica eventually. Unfortunately, I only have a single rooted pad of that one, so unless I find a large potted example, I think I'm a long ways off from that goal. Wishing the other folks on that path the best!

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #19 on: May 11, 2025, 09:14:08 PM »
nice! do you have pictures of the fruit and the thornless one? how is the larger fruit, is there any tasty pulp?

I have a large opuntia humifusa with fig sized fruit and a patch of heritage thornless opuntia humifusa in need of love. I hope to breed both with opuntia ficus indica eventually. Unfortunately, I only have a single rooted pad of that one, so unless I find a large potted example, I think I'm a long ways off from that goal. Wishing the other folks on that path the best!

dytandme

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #20 on: May 13, 2025, 11:31:53 AM »
The larger fruit does have pulp with a more significant seed content than I'd prefer. They are approximately 50% seeds/pulp. The rind holds a significant portion of the flavor with melon, cactus, and a slightly cherry notes going on when the fruit is fully ripe. I rub them in a paper towel to remove 95% of the glochids then cut off the top, bottom, and areoles with a sharp knife. From there it's good for a few small, tasty bites. The skin adds to the flavor too.

This particular plant seems to have a lower glochid count on the fruit than some other specimens that I've encountered. The seeds of opuntia are really what ruins it for most people though. They're hard as rocks and take up around as much space as the pulp in these fruit.



They were outgrowing the giant metal pot they're in last year, so I can spare a few pads if you'd like some. I think it is a very good plant to breed for improved varieties with good cold hardiness and larger fruit. It's the main plant I want to cross with o. ficus indica.



The thornless ones (that still have glochids!) only produced what looks like immature fruit of humifusa. They turn red though. The patch has been sitting between two buildings just down from the washout from a salt lick and left in disrepair for decades, which might be affecting the fruit quality and overall health...

I think I'll see different results from the pads I potted up as they are already looking better.



*Edited: Took me way too long to find the first plant's flower pics. Based on the hue, I think it may actually may be an opuntia cespitosa or cespitosa x humifusa. As I understand it, o cespitosa is a semi-rare type of opuntia humifusa native to Ohio that was once and may still be classified separately. I personally suspect cespitosa could be a surviving native people's cultivar from long ago that went feral.




« Last Edit: May 13, 2025, 12:00:51 PM by dytandme »

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #21 on: May 13, 2025, 11:52:58 AM »
Wow the fruit is significantlly larger than the wild pads I have in my pots, and those don't have any pulp other than a clear gel inside which reminds me of aloe "slime". Perhaps the increased size is due to the increase in seeds so it's not a negative. I have have a potted nopal which is probably ficus indica hope to use that as well in a future cross.  I can spare a pad of the cacanapa if you'd like to trade for one, send me a DM whenever. Really cool find!

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #22 on: May 13, 2025, 11:54:50 AM »
Oops I somehow missed this post. I remember reading about this species! I'll look around for a pad as I am terrible with seeds.


Also this is a desire of mine: large, sweet and glochidless opuntia

maybe this one is interesting for breeding

'Willoughby Spit' Prickly Pear
https://store.experimentalfarmnetwork.org/products/willoughby-spit-prickly-pear?_pos=2&_sid=3ddb8c474&_ss=r

on EFN there was an O.stricta type with similar traites (now it has disappeared)

https://www.experimentalfarmnetwork.org/project/16

dytandme

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #23 on: May 13, 2025, 12:23:44 PM »
Wow the fruit is significantlly larger than the wild pads I have in my pots, and those don't have any pulp other than a clear gel inside which reminds me of aloe "slime". Perhaps the increased size is due to the increase in seeds so it's not a negative. I have have a potted nopal which is probably ficus indica hope to use that as well in a future cross.  I can spare a pad of the cacanapa if you'd like to trade for one, send me a DM whenever. Really cool find!

Yeah, that plant seems to be notable for it's fruit characteristics. The PO's had no information on it. It was a lucky FB marketplace find. That picture is what to expect of a plant that's perfectly cared for. When I got the winter before it had four sad thin fruit, akin to the plant in WV.

I think slimy is a word that could still be applicable to these too. They have a bit of that going on but it's not snotty. And it's not that bad when you eat them whole. Now time I tried to make them into juice... that's a different very slimy story.

I'm tempted by cacanapa, but now I'm curious if that's what my thornless opuntia actually are... The old buildings rest on large rocks and it's on the southern side, so it's probably seeing zone 7+ equivalent 360 days out of the year.

« Last Edit: May 13, 2025, 12:41:03 PM by dytandme »

vnomonee

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Re: Opuntia humifusa
« Reply #24 on: May 13, 2025, 02:01:52 PM »
The cacanapa has a blue/green look to it and don't shrivel in the winter. I wonder if instead of hybridizing we can induce a graft chimera using some BAP on the union. Perhaps mixing your large fruited humifusa with the ficus indica. Graft chimeras of dragon fruit and some other genus like gymnocalycium have happened so it's possible, (plant looks bizzare lol)... but if the chimera aquires the hardiness of the humifusa is to be seen.

 

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