Brazil is king and Amazonia is the place. Many fruits you list are easily available practically year round in big city supermarkets. In Belem, Para ver o peso market is famous for being a spot to try fruit but the reality is the best fruits are always in peoples yards or the forest. Stuff I like various jabuticabas, cacao and it’s relatives (cupuaçu, cacauí, cupuí etc), bacupari verdadeiro (big one)and the wild garcinias in general, guava of course, rambutan, mangosteen, lychee, biribá, soursop etc. summer is the time here where I’m at. Not sure about Amazonia but we have the same climate and there’s fruit year round. But just do research first, Brazil requires caution when traveling.